If we move up or down by two whole-steps we are moving in whole-steps. Simple math tells us that two halves equal a whole, so two half-steps equal a whole-step. If we start on 'F' and move down in pitch to the next closest note, we are moving right to left from 'F' to 'E.' This movement - from 'F' to 'E' - is a half-step down. This movement - from 'F' to 'F#' - is a half-step up. So if we start on 'F' and move up in pitch to the next closest note, we are moving left to right from 'F' to 'F#' (or 'Gb'). Moving "down" in pitch is obviously moving from right to left. When we say "up," we mean "up" in terms of pitch - meaning starting from the left side of the piano and moving right.
In other words, when we move by a half-step we are moving from one note to the next closest note, in either an up or down direction. In a nutshell, half-steps represent the smallest possible movement from one note to another note. Half-Steps and Whole-Steps: Starting with Half-Steps
You may find it helpful to be near your piano or keyboard as you read through this article. Being able to see the notes of the piano laid out in this pattern will help us to better understand this half-step and whole-step relationship. One of the especially nice things about the piano is that it is a very visual instrument with the sequential layout of black and white keys. In this article we're going to answer the question, "What are half-steps and whole-steps?" For starters, half-steps and whole-steps are an important concept in music, and they are especially important building blocks for constructing things like chords and scales.
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